Nepal is a land of great contrasts in climate and natural features; it has a unique topography ranging from lowlands with sub-tropical jungles to arctic conditions in the Himalayan highlands. Within a mere 150 kilometers the land rises from near sea level in the south to over 8000 meters in the North. This, together with the monsoon rainfall along the south facing slopes, has resulted in compact almost all climate zones found on planet Earth. As a result, Nepal has been endowed with a great diversity of life-zones providing a home for a large variety of plants, birds and animals.

The Terai lowlands are defined by a belt of well-watered floodplains widen from the Indian border northward to the first slopes of the Bhabhar and the Siwalik Range. This is the richest habitat in the land with tall grasslands interspersed with reverence and hardwood Sal forest. Here one can see wildlife such as the swamp deer, musk deer, black buck, blue bull, the royal Bengal tiger, gharial and marsh mugger crocodile and the last of a breed of Asiatic wild buffalo. This area is also rich in birdlife with a variety of babbles and orioles, and drogues, peacocks and Florida’s, and a multitude of wintering wildfowl. There are five protected areas in Nepal - Koshi Tappu and Parsa in the east, Sukla Phanta and impostor for hunting in the west and Shivapuri in the. Mid-mountain region.

Upper in the north between 2000 and 3500 meters lays the Mahabharata Range with its oak crowned crests. The hills of this midland are covered by a moist moderate jungle of deodar, oak, maple and birch in which are found deer, goral mourning, leopard and monkey, the beautiful multi-colored lampion pheasant (Nepal's national bird) is also found here with other endangered birds like the kolas and Cheer Pheasants. Protected areas in this zone include National Park in the Far-West, Dhorpatan Hunting reserve, North-west of Pokhara and Shivapuri Wildlife safe haven near Katmandu.

Superior still, nearer the snowcap is the alpine mountain border which is the trouble of snow leopard, which preys on blue sheep and the Himalayan. Infrequently seen are the wolf, black bears and lynx. The Sherpas, Manage, and Dolpa-bas are some of those who farm and graze their livestock on the high mountain pastures. Langtang, Sagarmatha (Everest), Shey-Phoksundo and Rara National Parks are the protected high altitude areas of Nepal.